Роль экономических и символических факторов идентичности в формировании отношения к чужим группам

В данном исследовании рассматриваются амбивалентные реакции, возникающие по отношению к чужим группам. Используются теоретические подходы к изучению установок и концепций из области межгрупповых исследований. Изучается противоречивое отношение к чужим группам и их членам, если они противоречат предписывающим стандартам идентичности воспринимающих людей в качестве детерминанты амбивалентности. Выделяются два разных по содержанию класса стандартов идентичности: идеально-символические и материально-экономические. В экспериментальном исследовании вымышленная чужая группа наделялась свойствами, которые с точки зрения обеих сфер идентичности либо противоречили, либо не противоречили стандартам идентичности воспринимающего человека, либо не имели к ним отношения. В соответствии с гипотезами в условиях противоречия наблюдалась наивысшая степень субъективной амбивалентности отношения. Амбивалентность оценивалась с помощью адаптированной немецкоязычной версии теста «Bivariate Evaluation and Ambivalence Measures» (BEAMs; Cacioppo, Gardner, Berntson, 1997).

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