Модели организации комплексной помощи детям с расстройствами аутистического спектра на Западе ^{* 1457}

Первые сообщества по проблемам аутизма были основаны в Англии и Дании в 1962 году, а впоследствии и во многих других странах. С того времени достигнуты ошеломительные результаты в осознании проблемы и в раз¬витии медицинских, образовательных и социальных услуг для детей с аутизмом и их семей. В настоящее время исследования направлены на углубление понимания расстройств аутистического спектра и на информирование практико-ориентированных специалистов и профильных правительственных и неправительственных организаций о необходимости создания комплексных структур для поддержки людей с аутистическими расстройствами и их семей, а также для развития идеи совершенствования услуг такого рода. В статье проанализированы публи¬кации последних лет, относящиеся к ведущим тенденциям в развитии системы помощи детям с расстройствами аутистического спектра на Западе. Представлен краткий обзор последних исследований нескольких ключевых аспектов аутизма: экономического, распространенности, диагностики, коморбидных расстройств и т.д. Обзор может быть полезен представителям законодательных структур, специалистам и родителям с точки зрения улучшения качества жизни людей с аутизмом.

Ключевые слова: аутизм, расстройства аутистического спектра, распространенность, биомаркеры, диагноз, коморбидные состояния, образовательные условия, гетерогенность, вмешательства

Рубрика: Модели организации комплексной помощи

* Перевод с английского Е.Ф. Шведовского

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2016140405

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