Homeschooling as an exception: problems of implementing inclusive education

 
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Abstract

Context and relevance. The article discusses the practice of homeschooling for students with disabilities, which is considered a form of pseudo-inclusion in education, and the issues of providing psychological support to students with disabilities in a homeschooling setting. Objective. Based on the analysis of regulatory and legal requirements, to identify the main problems in organizing homeschooling and the difficulties in organizing psychological support for students with disabilities in a homeschooling setting. Methods and materials. The article provides analytical data from monitoring by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, which involved 32 schools from 7 constituent entities of the Russian Federation with 873 homeschooled students. Based on a qualitative analysis of the survey materials of regional centers for psychological, pedagogical, medical and social assistance on the state of homeschooling practices, general and specific problems of providing psychological support to students with disabilities in a homeschooling setting are identified. Results. The proportion of students with disabilities studying at home out of all students with disabilities in inclusive schools across seven regions ranges from 5% to 46%. It is dynamic and depends on the regional system for registering homeschoolers, the parental notification system, and the organization of psychological and pedagogical support for students with disabilities in homeschooling settings. Conclusions. Based on a discussion of the analytical material, conclusions are drawn regarding the systemic, social, and psychological and pedagogical implications of homeschooling.

General Information

Keywords: psychological assistance, home schooling, students with disabilities, inclusive educational environment, inclusive education, psychological and pedagogical technologies

Journal rubric: Professional Training of Specialists to Work with Different Categories of Children

Article type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/bppe.2026230207

Funding. The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated February 17, 2026 No. 073-00097-26-03 “Scientific and methodological support for the organization of psychological assistance and the process of inclusion in the inclusive educational environment of the school of students with disabilities who are home-schooled”.

Received 06.05.2026

Revised 27.05.2026

Accepted

Published

For citation: Alekhina, S.V. (2026). Homeschooling as an exception: problems of implementing inclusive education. Bulletin of Practical Psychology of Education, 23(2), 122–134. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17759/bppe.2026230207

© Alekhina S.V., 2026

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

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Information About the Authors

Svetlana V. Alekhina, Candidate of Science (Psychology), Associate Professor, Chief of the Federal Center for the Development of Inclusive General and Additional Education, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9374-5639, e-mail: alehinasv@mgppu.ru

Conflict of interest

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Ethics statement

The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Moscow State University of Psychology and Education.

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