Child-Adult Interaction: The Creation of Zone of Proximal Development

2755

Abstract

The zone of proximal development is not a naturally existing phenomenon that occurs every time an adult tries to help a child to become more independent. It is a special form of interaction in which adult's action is aimed at generating and supporting child's initiative action. The relationship between a skilled one and an unskilled one, between an experienced one and an inexperienced one is a reduced form of conjoint action that can create the zone of proximal development. The advanced form of such relationship is cooperation between equal, but different persons, as in 'adult - group of children' relationship. The zone of proximal development is described not by means of tasks subject, but through types of assistance that help, in a greater or lesser degree, a child to solve tasks. Describing different education systems through types of assistance rendered shows that education itself introduces asymmetry into child's development supporting some types of children's initiatives and restricting the other ones. Choosing the education system means choosing the direction of child's development (or that of children's generation).

General Information

Keywords: zone of proximal development, adult's help, child's initiative, intermental action, developmental teaching

Journal rubric: Discussions and Discourses

Article type: scientific article

For citation: Zuckerman G.A. Child-Adult Interaction: The Creation of Zone of Proximal Development. Kul'turno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya = Cultural-Historical Psychology, 2006. Vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 61–73. (In Russ., аbstr. in Engl.)

References

  1. Arshavskii V.V. Razlichiya, kotorye nas ob'edinyayut. Riga, 2001.
  2. Vygotskii L.S. Istoriya razvitiya vysshih psihicheskih funkcii. Sobranie sochinenii v 6 tomah. T. 3. M., 1983.
  3. Vygotskii L.S. Dinamika umstvennogo razvitiya rebenka v svyazi s obucheniem. Pedagogicheskaya psihologiya. M., 1991.
  4. Venger A.L. Sootnoshenie vozrastnyh i individual'nyh zakonomernostei psihicheskogo razvitiya rebenka // Avtoref. doktorskoi disser. M., 2002.
  5. Venger A.L., Polivanova K.N. Osobennosti otnosheniya shestiletnih detei k zadaniyam vzroslogo // 1988. № 4.
  6. Venger A.L., Cukerman G.A. Ustanovka na poisk kak raz-vivayushii effekt uchebnoi deyatel'nosti // Voprosy psihologii. 2007.
  7. Davydov V.V. Vidy obobsheniya v obuchenii. M., 1972.
  8. Zinchenko V.P. Zhivoe znanie: psihologicheskaya peda-gogika. Izd. 1. Samara, 1998.
  9. Korotkova N.A., Nezhnov P.G. Otslezhivanie razvitiya rebenka-doshkol'nika v obrazovatel'nom processe. Samara, 2000.
  10. Kravcova E.E. Kul'turno-istoricheskie osnovy zony blizhaishego razvitiya // Psihologicheskii zhurnal. 2001. № 4.
  11. Obuhova L.F., Korepanova I.A. Zona blizhaishego razvi-tiya: prostanstvenno-vremennaya model' // Voprosy psi-hologii. 2005. № 6.
  12. Rotenberg V. S. Snovideniya, gipnoz i deyatel'nost' mozga. M., 2001.
  13. Slobodchikov V.I., Isaev E.I. Psihologiya razvitiya che-loveka. M., 2000.
  14. Cukerman G.A. Kak mladshie shkol'niki uchatsya uchit'sya. Riga, 2000.
  15. Cukerman G.A. Klass kak uchebnoe soobshestvo. M., 2003.
  16. Shopina Zh.P. Psihologicheskie zakonomernosti formirovaniya i aktualizacii zony blizhaishego razvitiya // Avtoref. kand. disser. M., 2002.
  17. El'konin B.D. Deistvie kak edinica razvitiya // Voprosy psihologii. 2004. № 1.
  18. El'konin D.B. Detskaya psihologiya. M., 1960.
  19. El'konin D.B. Iz nauchnyh dnevnikov // Izbrannye psi-hologicheskie trudy. M., 1989.
  20. Bredikyte, M., Hakkarainen P. (2006). Creative Acts in Play as a Unit of Child Self-Development (in print).
  21. Chaiklin S. The Zone of Proximal Development in Vygotsky's Analysis of Learning and Instruction // Vygotsky's Educational Theory in Cultural Context (ed. by A. Kozulin et al. ). Cambridge University Press, 2003.
  22. Kutnick P. Expanding the predominant interpretation of ZPD in schooling context: learning and mutuality // Learning in Classrooms: A Cultural-Historical Approach (ed. by Mariane Hedegaard). Aarhus University Press, 2001.
  23. Veresov N. Zone of proximal development (ZPD): the hidden dimension? // Language as Culture — Tensions in Time and Space. (ed. by Anna-Lena Ostern and Ria Heilda-Ylikallio). Vol. 1. Rapport fran Pedagogiska fakulteten vid Abo Academi. Nr. 11. Vasa, 2004.

Information About the Authors

Galina A. Zuckerman, Doctor of Psychology, professor, Leading Research Fellow, Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7982-6424, e-mail: galina.zuckerman@gmail.com

Metrics

Views

Total: 13852
Previous month: 86
Current month: 13

Downloads

Total: 2755
Previous month: 12
Current month: 1