Psychological predictors of deviant behavior of minors. Part 4. The longitudinal study results

Context and relevance. Diagnostics of destructive behavior risks in adolescents is a key stage in prevention. A verified methodological framework provides a systematic approach. As part of a longitudinal study, a diagnostic model based on S.V. Bonkalo's life position has been developed to improve the effectiveness of risk management in closed type special educational institutions (here next — CTSEI). Objective. To identify the psychological mechanism of transition from a destructive to a constructive life position among students in CTSEI through the use of a set of psychological and pedagogical technologies. Hypothesis. The use of a comprehensive prevention and correction program based on the “Childhood Ecosystem” model in CTSEI leads to a statistically significant change in the complex of parameters that characterize the students' antisocial attitudes. Methods and materials. Sample: students of 15 CTSEI: 1st cut (N = 456, Mage = 15.4 ± 1.3, M = 396); 2nd cut (N = 463, Mage = 15.4 ± 1.3, M = 405); 3rd cut (N = 486, Mage = 15.4 ± 1.8, M = 438); 4th cut (N = 447, Mage = 15.4 ± 1.9, M = 392). Methods: “Style of Self-Regulation of Behavior” (Morosanova); “Dispositions for Violent Extremism” (Davydov, Khlomov); “Strategies for Coping with Stressful Situations” (SACS) (Hobfoll; adaptation by Vodopyanova, Starchenkova); “Ostracism Experience Scale”; “Ostracism Threatened Needs Scale” (Boykina et al.); “Test of Life Orientation” (Leontiev); “Tree” (Lampen; adaptation by Ponomarenko), “Self-Attitude” (Pantileev, Stolin); “Resilience test” (Osin, Rasskazova). Results. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of a comprehensive prevention and correction program for CTSEI students. The program reduced the antisocial position by 12.6% in the antisocial cluster and increased the proportion of students in the prosocial cluster. Conclusions. Correction of a destructive position requires at least 12 months, with the stages of resistance, doubt, and acceptance. The risk of relapse is high with shorter periods or without considering external factors.

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