Внебольничная психиатрическая помощь в Румынии: прошлое, настоящее, будущее

История внебольничной психиатрической помощи берет начало в 1950-х годах в странах Запада, когда многие учреждения для пациентов с психическими расстройствами были закрыты с тем, чтобы попытаться сместить приоритет со стационарного лечения на амбулаторную помощь по месту жительства. Целью данной статьи является обзор доступной литературы по внебольничной психиатрической помощи в Румынии.

Министерство здравоохранения Румынии содействует образованию в области психического здоровья и стремится к созданию системы охраны психического здоровья, обеспечивающей каждому пациенту доступ к помощи и лечению, соответствующим его индивидуальным потребностям. Сегодня в Румынии, как и во всех странах Центральной и Восточной Европы, системы охраны психического здоровья переходят от стационарной помощи к внебольничным формам обслуживания населения. Проект RECOVER-E, проект по психическому здоровью SEE, проект «Horizons» и другие инициативы свидетельствуют о том, что система психиатрической помощи в Румынии совершенствуется, повышая шансы на выздоровление и социальную адаптацию пациентов с психическими заболеваниями.

Внебольничная психиатрическая помощь в Румынии — это перспективная область, которая может оказать существенную помощь в ведении и лечении пациентов с психическими расстройствами, проживающих как в городских, так и в сельских районах. Придерживаясь принципов деинституционализации и общественного здравоохранения на системном уровне, инвестируемые ресурсы можно направить на создание развитой сети специалистов, которые будут оказывать помощь пациентам по месту жительства.

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