Consortium Psychiatricum
2023. Том 4. № 2. С. 91–106
doi:10.17816/CP6338
ISSN: 2712-7672 / 2713-2919 (online)
Распространенность расстройств пищевого поведения у пациентов с биполярным расстройством: обзор предметного поля
Аннотация
ВВЕДЕНИЕ: У расстройств пищевого поведения (РПП) и биполярного аффективного расстройства (БАР) отмечаются определенные феноменологические сходства, связанные с пищевым поведением и эмоциональной регуляцией. Однако, несмотря на планомерный рост исследований коморбидности РПП и БАР, научные данные о совместном течении этих расстройств остаются недостаточно систематизированными.
ЦЕЛЬ: Провести обзор предметного поля опубликованных данных по распространенности различных видов РПП среди пациентов с БАР I и II типов с учетом пола, а также анализ клинических особенностей совместного течения данных расстройств.
МЕТОДЫ: Анализ представлен в соответствии с рекомендациями PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) для обзора предметного поля. Поиск проводился в электронной базе данных MEDLINE. В обзор включались оригинальные исследования с выборками пациентов с диагнозами БАР и РПП, соответствующими критериям DSM-IV, DSM-V (диагностического и статистического руководства по психическим расстройствам 4 и 5 издания) или МКБ-10 (Международной классификации болезней10-й редакции). Для обобщения результатов обзора использовался описательный анализ.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: Всего для обзора было отобрано 41 исследование. Были обнаружены достаточно разнородные показатели распространенности РПП в течение жизни у пациентов с БАР — от 2,2% до 31,1%, а также показатели распространенности БАР среди пациентов с РПП — от 11,3% до 68,1%. РПП номинально имели более высокую распространённость среди лиц с БАР II типа и женщин. Кроме того, наличие РПП у пациентов с БАР было ассоциировано с более ранним манифестом расстройства настроения, большим количеством депрессивных эпизодов, более высоким уровнем атипичных симптомов депрессии, суицидными попытками, а также с более высокой частотой коморбидных обсессивно-компульсивных и тревожных расстройств, аддикций и различных метаболических нарушений.
ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: Несмотря на высокую вариативность результатов, показатели распространённости совместного течения РПП и БАР являются достаточно высокими. По этой причине скрининг на РПП у пациентов с БАР и, наоборот, скрининг БАР у пациентов с РПП имеет важное значение в точной диагностике и подборе наиболее эффективной терапии. В будущих исследованиях ещё только предстоит более детально изучить паттерны коморбидности различных видов РПП в зависимости от типа БАР и пола.
Общая информация
Ключевые слова: нарушения пищевого поведения, биполярное расстройство, анорексия, булимия, распространенность
Рубрика издания: Обзоры
Тип материала: научная статья
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/CP6338
Получена: 15.04.2023
Принята в печать:
Для цитаты: Яковлева Я.В., Касьянов Е.Д., Мазо Г.Э. Распространенность расстройств пищевого поведения у пациентов с биполярным расстройством: обзор предметного поля // Consortium Psychiatricum. 2023. Том 4. № 2. С. 91–106. DOI: 10.17816/CP6338
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