Оценка вероятности вовлеченности подростков в буллинг в роли жертвы или агрессора: мультиномиальный логистический регрессионный анализ

Контекст и актуальность. Буллинг остается широко распространенной проблемой в образовательных системах по всему миру, создавая серьезные риски для психологического благополучия и академической успеваемости учащихся. В Индонезии частота случаев буллинга неуклонно увеличивается, что соответствует тенденциям во многих других странах и еще раз доказывает необходимость разработки стратегий, которые опираются на культурные особенности и эмпирические данные. Цель. Настоящая работа направлена на изучение факторов риска вовлечения учащихся старших классов в ситуации буллинга (как в роли жертвы, так и в роли агрессора) в зависимости от их возраста, гендерной принадлежности и типа учебного заведения. Методы и материалы. В ходе кросс-секционного исследования были опрошены 1153 старшеклассника и учащихся профессиональных колледжей в возрасте от 14 до 19 лет (M = 16; SD = 0,919). Из них 514 (45%) — юноши, 639 (55%) — девушки. Выборка включала 907 учащихся общеобразовательных школ и 246 учащихся профессиональных учебных заведений из 10 районов города Медан (Индонезия). Результаты. Согласно результатам мультиномиального логистического регрессионного анализа, единственной статистически значимой переменной, предсказывающей риск стать жертвой, оказался пол респондентов. В то же время ни одна из включенных в модель переменных не позволила значимо предсказать совмещение ролей жертвы и агрессора. Выводы. Полученные результаты подчеркивают важность мониторинга и профилактических стратегий с учетом гендерных особенностей, особенно для учащихся женского пола, а также вносят вклад в растущий массив международных исследований, направленных на снижение случаев буллинга посредством целенаправленных образовательных программ.

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