Объяснение функционирования личности через социокультурное отношение к внешнему виду, оценку тела и использование социальных сетей среди девочек-подростков в Пакистане

Цель. Анализ сложной взаимосвязи между социокультурным отношением к внешности, функционированием личности, оценкой тела, использованием социальных сетей и возрастом среди девушек-подростков.
Методы и материалы. Опросник использования социальных сетей ESM (E-SMUQ), Шкала оценки тела-2 (BAS-2), Социокультурный опросник отношения к внешности-4 пересмотренный женский (SATAQ-4R), Опросник структуры операционализированного психодинамического диагноза (OPD-SQS). Участники: 134 школьницы в возрасте от 11 до 20 лет (M = 16,28, SD = 2,10), обучающиеся в различных учебных заведениях: 50,7% респондентов были учащимися школ, 14,9% – колледжей и 34,3% – университетов.
Результаты. Подростки женского пола, редко пользующиеся социальными сетями, демонстрируют высокую зависимость от социокультурных установок общества в отношении внешности, что приводит к низкой оценке своего тела респондентами. И, напротив, девушки – активные пользователи социальных сетей менее склонны к интернализации социокультурных установок и внешнего давления в отношении внешности, что положительно влияет на оценку своего тела. Возраст модерирует влияние оценки тела на функционирование личности среди девочек-подростков в Пакистане: с увеличением возраста отрицательная связь между оценкой тела и дезадаптивным функционированием личности уменьшается.
Выводы. Ожидания общества в отношении внешности значительно влияют на оценку своего тела подростками, что, в свою очередь, сказывается на их общем психическом здоровье и самооценке. Социальные сети могут смягчать это давление, повышая оценку своего тела девушками-подростками и положительно влияя на их самовосприятие; кроме того, по мере взросления подростков их способность справляться с этим давлением возрастает. Необходимо развивать систему поддержки, направленную на устранение негативного влияния социокультурного давления в отношении внешности на оценку тела и функционирование личности у подростков женского пола с учетом их возрастных особенностей.

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