Personal characteristics of athletes as predictors of athletic achievements (using the example of students of children's and youth sports schools)

Context and relevance. The personal characteristics of athletes are a significant predictor of athletic achievements. The theoretical basis of the study was the approach of Allen M. S., Greenlees I., & Jones M. about the interdependence of the personal characteristics of athletes, their mental states and the effectiveness of competitive activities. Goal. To identify the personal characteristics of athletes that are predictors of athletic achievements. Hypothesis. There are specific characteristics of the personal determinants of sports achievements of students in children and youth sports schools. Methods and materials. Our study involved 67 adolescents aged 14—15 years (60% boys, 40% girls), 25% of them have the 1st grade, 75% — the 2nd grade. All the subjects regularly participate in competitions and receive awards for their athletic achievements. The research bases were Children's and youth sports schools of the Sverdlovsk region. Personal characteristics were assessed using a set of methods: the questionnaire “Diagnosis of the Motivational Structure of Personality” by V.E. Milman, “Mehrabian Achieving Tendency Scale” (MATS), the questionnaire “Volitional Qualities of Personality” by M.V. Chumakov, “Differential Emotions Scale” (DES) (adapted by A.B. Leonova), “Hall Emotional Intelligence Test” (adapted by E.P. Ilyin), “Social Readjustment Rating Scale” (SRRS) (adapted version for children), R. Frester “Competitive stress situations” methodology, Dembo—Rubinstein Self-Esteem Diagnostic Method (modified by A.M. Prikhojan), “Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire” (16PF) (Form C). Results. The personal traits contributing to high sports achievements of students in youth sports schools are positive emotions, authority, dominance, stability, confidence in good physical condition, initiative, high level of aspirations, self-motivation, striving for success, and responsibility. Conclusions. It is shown that the study of the personal characteristics of students of children's and youth sports schools plays a key role in predicting athletic success. It is recommended that coaches pay attention to the individualization of the educational and training process to ensure the effectiveness of sports activities.

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