Psychological Resources and Personal Deficits of Graduates of Organizations for Orphans

The article presents the results of a study of psychological resources and personal deficits of graduates of organizations for orphans, in which 164 people participated: 106 (average age 15.96+1.01) expected to graduate from the organization soon, 58 (average age 13.4+0.76) were far from graduation. The groups did not differ by gender (c2=1.467 at p=0.147). It is established that the psychological resources of graduates are social skills, emotional intelligence and some constructive coping strategies. In girls, the degree of severity of these parameters is slightly lower than in boys. And the graduates-boys — are lower than the boys of the younger group. It was found that the severity of constructive coping among respondents has a reduced character even in comparison with groups with congenital and acquired disabilities. It is shown that the cause of personality deficits in pupils is psychotraumatization. Psychological traumas are more often associated with withdrawal from the family, especially among graduates, and more often among girls who have been brought up in the organization for more than 3-5 years. A characteristic shift in the fixation of the time of a traumatic event is highlighted. At the same time, girls feel more traumatized and react less constructively to trauma. It has been established that informants are characterized by a situational predisposition to delinquent, dependent, aggressive and autoaggressive behavior, which indicates a mild degree of socio-psychological maladaptation. Graduates have a higher propensity for dependent behavior. They are also more likely to use unconstructive coping strategies when coping with stress.

1. Adaptatsiya k usloviyam samostoyatel’nogo prozhivaniya vypusknikov organizatsii dlya detei-sirot i detei, ostavshikhsya bez popecheniya roditelei [Adaptation to the conditions of independent living of graduates of organizations for orphans and children left without parental care]. Sotsial’noe obsluzhivanie semei i detei: nauchno-metodicheskii sbornik [Social services for families and children: a scientific and methodological collection]. Issue 4, ed. Yu.Yu. Ivashkinoi, O.V. Kosteichuka. St. Petersburg: SPbGBU “Gorodskoi informatsionno-metodicheskii tsentr “Sem’ya” [SPbGBU “City Information and Methodo­logical Center “Family”], 2015. 288 p. (In Russ.).