«Золотой стандарт» в сравнении с лечением на основании собственного клинического опыта («Treatment as usual»): диагностическая практика в системе ювенальной юстиции

Проблемы с психическим здоровьем широко распространены в системе ювенальной юстиции. Методы диагностики значительно различаются в разных исправительных учреждениях, часто опираясь на прошлую историю болезни или неструкту-рированные клинические интервью. Существует множество структурированных и полуструктурированных инструментов оценки, некоторые из которых ранее использовались в выборках в системе ювенальной юстиции. В текущем исследовании сравниваются распространенность и распределение диагнозов психических расстройств в соответствии с текущей практикой в отделе пробации по сравнению с использованием Шкалы для оценки аффективных расстройств и шизофрении в детском возрасте (K-SADS) на выборке молодежи, вовлеченной в систему ювенальной юстиции. Результаты показали, что K-SADS выявила более широкий спектр проблем с психическим здоровьем с более высокой точностью (например, все диагнозы были уточненные, а не неуточненные). Однако стандартная практика оценки выявила более высокую распространенность диагнозов СДВГ, а также других состояний, которые могут быть в центре клинического внимания. Обсуждаются ограничения и перспективы исследования.

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