Самый фундаментальный или самый ошибочный из эмпирических вопросов: что такое сознание?^*

В статье предлагается обзор концепций и состояний сознания. Состояния сознания рассматриваются от обыденного к измененным и надличностным состояниям. Идет изложение конкурирующих точек зрения на сознание в когнитивных науках, нейропсихологии и психологии животных, развивается представление о перцептуальной осведомленности как основе сознания, потенциально общей для всех живых существ. Автор сводит воедино отдельные нити неореалистических подходов к восприятию и мышлению, феноменологии образов и синестезии и когнитивных теорий метафоры. Он разрабатывает собственную когнитивную теорию мистического опыта, в которой сочетаются медитативные и религиозные описания сознания и ощущение Бытия. Среди других рассматриваемых тем: отношение между сознанием и временем; общие перцептуально-метафорические корни параллелей между сознанием и современной физикой; коллективная основа надличностных состояний, как она отражается в социологии мистицизма и альтернативной интерпретации парапсихологических исследований.

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