Стратегии поведения в межкультурном конфликте: обзор зарубежных исследований

В статье представлен аналитический обзор зарубежных психологических исследований поведения в межкультурном конфликте. Межкультурный конфликт понимается как межличностный конфликт между представителями различных культур. Анализируются основные модели, описывающие стратегии поведения в межкультурном конфликте: модель двойной заинтересованности, модель стилей межкультурного конфликта, модель идентичности в переговорах. Приводится краткий обзор результатов современных исследований предикторов поведения в межкультурном конфликте, особое внимание уделено анализу влияния культуры и особенностей ситуации межкультурного взаимодействия на выбор стратегии поведения. Описываются наиболее распространенные в зарубежных исследованиях методы изучения выбора стратегии поведения в конфликте. Отмечается важность оценки эффективности используемых стратегий конфликтного поведения в ситуации межкультурного взаимодействия. В заключении обозначаются нерешенные проблемы и актуальные направления в области изучения поведения в межкультурном конфликте.

В последние годы одной из наиболее актуальных исследовательских тем для современной социальной психологии является тема межкультурного взаимодействия в его самых различных формах. Не вызывает сомнений, что подобный интерес к феномену межкультурной в маленькое, тесно взаимодействующее сообщество, и мы обнаруживаем, что все чаще вступаем в контакты с людьми из других культур». При этом анализ зарубежных и отечественных исследований последних лет показывает, что не все аспекты межкультурного взаимодействия изучены достаточно полно. Большинство опубликованных работ направлено на анализ когнитивных, а не поведенческих компонентов взаимодействия, таких как стереотипы, установки и предрассудки.

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