Поддержка позитивного поведения в психологической науке и образовании

В последнее время растет интерес к использованию поддержки позитивного поведения в работе с людьми, имеющими интеллектуальные нарушения и нарушения развития. Поддержка позитивного поведения не является новой концепцией, «терапией» проблемного поведения, новой наукой, профессиональной сферой или предметом изучения. Поддержка позитивного поведения объединяет в себе широкий спектр элементов из прикладного анализа поведения (ABA), социально-ролевой валоризации (SRV), личностно-центрированного планирования, а также изменений в структуре систем оказания социально-психологических услуг. Поддержка позитивного поведения может использоваться не только в работе с инвалидами; она не связана жестким набором процедур и методов. В настоящее время законодательные и контролирующие государственные органы придерживаются идеи внедрения стратегий, основанных на поддержке позитивного поведения, для решения проблем в системе образования. Рассматриваются идеологические и философские предпосылки поддержки позитивного поведения, включая связь с прикладным анализом поведения и с ценностно-ориентированными подходами к оказанию социальных услуг. Приводятся клинические рекомендации для применения более эффективных, социально приемлемых и эмпирически надежных подходов к коррекции проблемного поведения.

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