Выгорание в жизни школьников и студентов: причины, последствия и способы преодоления

Статья посвящена обзору зарубежных исследований феномена выгорания учащихся школы, колледжей и университетов. Для академического выгорания показана трехкомпонентная структура, соответствующая традиционной: истощение, цинизм и низкая воспринимаемая эффективность. В статье приведены работы, исследующие влияние социальных (качество отношений со сверстниками, преподавателями и близкими родственниками) и индивидуальных (эмоциональные и личностные профили, эмпатические способности, оптимизм, личностные ресурсы) факторов на развитие симптомов выгорания в кроссекциональных и лонгитюдных форматах исследований. Проанализированы данные исследований о влиянии выгорания и учебного стресса на качество жизни, психологическое благополучие и академическую успешность у школьников и студентов. Рассмотрены подходы к предупреждению развития выгорания, основанные на положениях позитивной психологии и психологии мотивации.

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